Rail anchor



Dec. 21 i926. j

. H. HILL.

RAIL ANCHOR Filed March 20 1925 t Herma/722 {f2/Z l Fatented Dec. 21, 1926.

UNFFEI) STATES innate Partnr orrics.

HERMANN HILL, OF DUNKIRK, NEI/V YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 JOHN A. DIENNER, 0F EVANSTON, ILLINOIS, AND ALEXANDER C. IABEE, OF ELMIIURST, ILLINOIS.

RAIL ANCI-IOR.

Application iled March 20, 1925.

My invention relates to rail anchors of the class disclosed and broadly claimed in Patent No. 1,505,090, of August 19, 1924, and more particularly it comprises an improvement upon the construction disclosed and claimed in co-pending application Serial No. 707,044, filed July 18, 1924:.

According to the present invention, I have dispensed entirely with the tilting action of the anchor upon the base of the rail. I secure the primary gripping action by the lateral shackling effect of a clamping bolt and secure the secondary or slip responsive gripping action by means of a straight C-clamp which grips the base flange of the rail between the bottom surface of the clamp and the swinging wedge at the top.

I place the transverse bolt diagonally with respect to the rail at an angle of approximately 8 to the normal in order to secure a primary clamping action with a minimum of movement and without imposing an excessive stress uponthe bolt. The bolt is set far enough away from the tie that it will not be engaged by the tie and pushed forward.

I place the clamping wedge directly over the bottom jaw of the clamp, depending upon a straight clamping action for the slip responsive or secondary clamping action. Preferably, I make the upper stationary jaw for contacting with the top surface of the base flange, of limited extent, just suflicient in fact, to sustain the lateral shackling pressure, and thereby I am able to position the swinging wedge close to the edge of the rail. The swinging wedge or cam has a cylindrical face, that is, the elements of its active face are parallel to each other, and its axis lies parallel to t-he elements of its active face and to the top flange surface of the rail. This gives a straight rolling action.

rThe reduction of the overhang of the clamp decreases the spreading movement on the jaws, increasing the strength of the anchor and decreasing the weight of metal. I have placed the contact of the cam substan tially centrally of the lower jaw, thereby securing a more uniform and better friction.

The lower jaw has two flanges along its sides and the Contacting area of .the lower jaw has been formed into two flat surfaces suiiiciently apart so lthat the point of contactof the cam may come between them.

Serial No. 16,905.

This gives a better distribution of the load upon the jaw surfaces.

The angle selected for the hook bolt is such that in the event of slippage of the rail through the grip of the anchor the tension of the lateral shackling will be substantially -constant from the time that the anchor is first applied. This bolt is preferably heat treated and the anchor is preferably made of cast steel, although it will be understood that these features are optional.

Since the bolt is placed at an initial angle, when it is tightened up, the tension upon the bolt will remain substantially constant and, hence, the bolt will not be inclined to stretch under a shifting of the rail through the primary grip of the anchor. The angle, however, is small enough to cause a very considerable tension in the bolt when pressure is applied to the face of the anchor.

Another feature to which I wish to callV attention is the fact that the webs of the anchor are spread out from the head downward so that they terminate directly at the edges of the jaw surfaces. This results in the maximum strength being developed at the cpoint where the greatest stress is develo e pAfter this anchor is applied, it becomes a fixed and permanent part of the rail itself and it will not yield within the limits of its strength even under the vibration and pounding to which it is subjected in service.

In order to acquaint those skilled in the art with the manner of constructing and operating my device, I shall now describe in connection with the accompanying drawings a specific embodiment ofthe invention..

In the drawings Figure 1 is a face view of the anchor shown as applied tothe rail, which rail is shown in cross section;

y Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the anchor as applied to the rail;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation;

Fig. fl is a side elevational view of the track showing the means for anchoring the central partof a rail to a plurality of ties against movement in either direction; and

Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the cam.

The anchor shown in the drawings comprises thrce main parts: the clamp member 1 which is generally C-shaped, a hook bolt member-2, and, a mevable wedge member ico Vis preferably heat` treated, and in. samples By means of thelooltl 2 and the clamp 1 a lateralshaclling action or gripping. action1 is secured upon the base of the rail 4 and by means ot' the clamp 1 and wedge 3, a. vertical clamping action upon the outer lange 5 of the base ot the rail l is secured.

r1`he clamp member 1 has a. pad or contact i'ace 6 for engaging the tie 7, as shown in Fig. 3,. The clamp member 1 has a head portion 8 which forms an arched socket, shown inV dotted lines in Fig. 1 at 9, for receiving` the hub or pintle 10 of the Wedge member 3, these parts being held in assembly by means oi a. pin or rivet 11, which, it willlbe understood, is. not intended, to sus tain the stress oi2 the vertical clamping ao tionsecured by the Wedge The head 8 overhangel the .pintle or hub 10 and the con meting or. camsuriiaee 12 lies in line below saidl headand hub. K

Tvvdwebs or anges 13 ancll` extend from, theliead down .to the` bott-0in of the el; np and merge into tworsepalrate j aw surf laces 1o and 16.

These separate jaw suriaces 15 and 1o lie,dirent-,lyv below the cooperating cam surface 12 and are disposed symmetrically upon each side of the point of contact, as will be apparent from Fig. 2. The pressure, which is, therefore, exerted uponthe base flange 5, is distributed substantially uniformly over the bottom sur-faces .15 and 16 andthe metalof the clamp isthereby sub-` stantially evenly stressed.

TheV clampl has an upper clamping jaw 17,01*' relatively short length, as will be apparent from Fig. 1and this overhangs the top edge of the base flange 5, only enough to hold theclainp Well upon said base iiange luider4 the lateral shaolrling action of the bolt 2, Thejaws 15 and 1-6 disposed below tbebase .flange 5, are connected by a` Web 1S, as is apparent from Fig. 3. ner, the flanges 13` and 11i are connected by the main` body portion of the clamp, which forms a web as indicated at 19, be tween saidv rearwardly extending iianges.

'llhe hook bolt wliieli llas a hook as indicated at 20, at its outer end` for hooking overthebase flange 21extendsthrough an integrall sleeve formed onthe main-body part 'of the C-'clamp 1', between the flanges 13 and, 14;, rlhis sleeve set at ananglo oit approximately 8 and the'boltQ is setat Va. like angle so that the .tiret movementofthe .railtlirough the grip.

t the. clamp, does not over-stress the bolt 2 and yet secines`v a clamping action of greatly/ainsi The bolt 2 ufliich l have constructed and tested, ismaae of a diameter of threefqu'arters ofaninclr It isfdijaivn Atight means of l the v nut Wei? be' e Sie' @ardent Sintesis-used on tra'clrsgluiderl present, Conditions.

ln like man-V holdin@powerA ofthe devi comes i the-.powerful action of the cam locl it will be noiedtliat the transverse ac on is exerteda. horizontal direction, e

1,e11,7ae

projects forwardly from the main body of the clamp 1y and engages the flange 2G oi tile cam portionl12, so as to afford lateral support for said cam member` 3, as the pressure thereupon is increased. Preferably, the cam is set at a very slight angle, such that there is a resulting pressure between the 'flange` 26 oi. the cam and the guiding boss or projection 25.

The top rear endv of the cam 3 is preierably thickened, as. indicated at 27 in Fig. o,V for the purpose of strengthening the part. which needs to sustainV the greatest load and for providing astrilring face to be engaged by a hammer or other tool, when the anchor is set in position.

The mode oi' application and operationoi the device is as follows: rllhe swinging we or cam 3v is tiret vmoved toits furtliermf` counter-clockwise position, as viewed in F, B, andtheclampl, without .the bolt Q, is ai plied tothe base llange The hoolr bolt is then. passed through the sleeve 22, the hooir end 2O passing over the base flange 21, and tlievnut being` tightened up tothe desired. degree, to 'fasten the cla-inpfupon the rail. '1` he swinging or cam S is thon droppedinto place, and is driven tight by means. of a hammer. Thereafter, presi'e coming upon the pad or "face 6 tends to push the clamp lgalong the base flange 5, this tendency being initially opposed by the lateral Ashackling effect of the bolt 2 and the clamp 1;., but as the vibration and pounding ot the .tra'liic over the rail tends to canse creepage of the rail thro-ugh the grip of the clamp 1 under the shaclling eiifect ormthe bolt 2, thecain 3 is tightened, securing a ver): great pressure upon the base ila-nge a..: providing` a very large holding power.

.In samples which 1 have coi rooted and tested on pound. rails, nein bolt 2 ot three-quarter inch diameter and makin the clampand Wedge oil cast steel, 1' have o nfl that vthese. samples will uniformly stand pressures up to twelve and one-loa i3 tons.

It will be appreciated that the stre the clamp l is under such c ist verf high. and il:- is approaimatel times thel holding power of the n the rail. The initial shaeliling eiieot bolt 2 and clamp 1 is dependent pon tightness oi' the transverse member be angle, atv which the bolt 2 is placed and the iitio1r-existing.between the parts. This. lateral shac lingaction. is, however,l not the chieiI .holdin poweroi the deiiice. 'The cb'flf seoond-ary orrhief grippingaction ina verticaldirection.,

leiste-.abe derstoocLtln-it may be employed underthe nut 23 where de:L

sired, in accordance with standard railroad practice.

These anchors are preferably made in right and left pattern and go on the outside flange of each rail.

ln Fig. t, l have shown the manner in which the anchors may be used to fasten the central part of a rail against movement. lin this case, the central part of the rail is held by means of the two anchors 29 and 30, fastened upon opposite sides of the tie 3l, which tie is secured to adjacent ties as by means of a strap 32, which strap is bolted to the ends of the ties 33 and 34, at substantially their neu ral axes. The strap 32 does not need to transmit thrust,"`since it will serve in tension to fasten one tie to the adjacent tie and due to fastening at the neutral axis,that is, substantially the longitudinal axial center of the tie, the pull through the strap 32 is exerted upon the adjacent tie, without a tendency to turn or rotate the same. Thus, the stress of an anchor may readily and cheaply be transmitted, not only to its con tacting tie but to an adjacent tie. Obviously, where the rail is anchored against movement in only one direction, the tie which it engages leads the strap to only one adjacent tie.

l do notl intend to be limited to the details shown or described.

l claim.

l. In an anchor of the class described, a jafw portion for embracing a base flange of a rail, means for holding said jaw portion laterally upon the base flange and a cam having its axis substantially parallel to the top surface of the flange and having a cam surface substantially parallel to its axis.

2. in a rail anchor, a clamp for engaging the base flange of a railroad rail, and transverse shaclrling means for holding said clamp laterally against the rail, said means lying on a diagonal line transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rail and at such an angle that the lateral shaclrling will be substantially constant from the time that the anchor is firstapplied to the rail.

3. ln a rail anchor, a clamp for engaging the base flange of a railroad rail, and transverse shaclrling means for holding said clamp against the rail disposed initially in a position which it would have to ultimately assume with the longitudinal shifting of the rail so that the tension on said means will be substantially constant.

Ll. ln an anchor, a C-shaped clamp having a head, a pair of flanges extending from the head along the sides thereof, separate flat base-engaging surfaces formed above the bottoni of said flanges and a swinging wedge pivoted to said head and adapted to engage the top surface of the base flange of a rail between said surfaces.

5. In an anchor, a i3-shaped clamp having a head, a pair of flanges extending down from the head along the sides thereof, flat` ase-engaging surfaces connected to said flanges and a cam having a cylindrical cam surface, said cam being pivoted on an axis parallel to the plane of the upper surface of the base and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rail.

6. ln a rail anchor having a frictional rail engaging surface, m vable means actuated by the slippage of the rail with respect to said surface for increasing the pressure upon said surface, said means engaging the rail substantially centrally of said frictional rail engaging surface.

7. ln an anchor of the class described, a C-shaped clamp having a head providing a stationary bearing, a pair of jaw surfaces and a swinging cam having a movable part journalled in said stationary bearing and having an engaging cam surface for engaging the top surface of the base flange of the rail between'said jaw surfaces.

8. ln a rail anchor, a C-shaped clamp hav ing a head adapted to lie above the base flange of the rail, a body portion, and flanges extending from the head along the outer edges of the body portion and terminating in jaw surfaces adapted to engage the bottom surface of the base flange of the rail, and a swinging cam member pivoted on an axis lying between said rearwardly extending flanges.

9. ln an anchor, a C-shaped clamp having opposing engaging surfaces for gripping the top and bottom surfaces of the base flange of a rail, and a shackling hook bolt extending through said clamp for holding the clamp upon the rail, said hook bolt lying at a slight angle to normal on a diagonal line transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rail so that the lateral shaclrling will be substantially constant from the time the anchor is first applied to the rail.

10. ln combination, a C-shaped clamp for engaging the top and bottom surfaces of the base fla-nge of a railroad rail, lateral shackling means for holding said clamp upon the rail and means independent of the shackling means for tightening the grip of said clamp upon said rail, said means comprising a cam having a cylindrical cam surface for engaging the top of the base flange of the rail.

l1. In combination, a C-shaped clamp, a hook bolt hooked over the opposite base flange of the rail and extending through the body of the clamp, said hook bolt lying at a slight angle to the normal, and a swinging wedge pivoted on the clamp over said bolt 12. ln a rail anchor, gripping means for engaging the base flange of the rail and having a tie abutting portion, means actuated by a relative movement between said rail and said gripping means for increasing the grip of said engaging means upon the base l or) flange-'of thefrail, said lastmeans engag-V y tact between said second means and said rail.

13. In a rail anchor, gripping means for engaging the base ange of the rail and having a tie abutting portion, means actuated by a relative movement between said rail and said gripping means 'for increasing-tbe grip of said'engaging means upon the base flange i of;v the rail,l said laste mea-ns engaging.

meansV for holding said vgripping means.

against the rail disposed initially in a position which it Would have to ultimately assume with the longitudinal shitting oitlie rail.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 16th day. of March, 19.25.

HERMANN HLL. 

